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Venetian Walls of Nicosia, Cyprus

Venetian Walls of Nicosia, Cyprus

The Venetian Walls of Nicosia form a circular defense system around the capital city of Cyprus. Built between 1567 and 1570 by the Republic of Venice, these Renaissance fortifications remain largely intact and represent one of the best-preserved examples of 16th-century military architecture in the Eastern Mediterranean. The walls create an almost perfect circle around the old city with a circumference of approximately 5 kilometers. This circular shape was innovative for its time and reflected the latest military engineering principles from Renaissance Italy. The design eliminated the weaknesses of medieval fortifications and created a more efficient defensive perimeter that required fewer soldiers to defend. The walls were built primarily from mud brick with the lower sections reinforced with stone. A wide moat 80 meters across surrounded the entire fortification, providing an additional obstacle for attackers. The moat was designed to be filled with water from the Pedieos River, which was diverted outside the city walls during construction. Historical Background Before the Venetian walls existed, earlier fortifications protected Nicosia. The first defensive structure was a castle built in 1211 during the Lusignan period. King Peter I constructed the Margarita Tower in 1368, a large defensive tower that stood as a major landmark. His successor, Peter II built the first walls surrounding the entire city, though he demolished the Margarita Tower as…

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Polis–Chrysochous Coast

Polis–Chrysochous Coast

The Polis-Chrysochous coast represents one of Cyprus's most ecologically valuable marine environments. Stretching along the northwestern shore of the island around Chrysochous Bay, this protected area encompasses the waters from the Akamas Peninsula to the villages of Pomos and Pachyammos. The sea surrounding the area is considered a hot spot for its marine biodiversity on a global scale, and an important and fertile habitat or refuge for many living organisms. The coastal waters support extensive Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows, vital breeding grounds for endangered sea turtles, and populations of critically threatened Mediterranean monk seals. The region gained protected status through designation as part of the Natura 2000 network, recognizing its exceptional ecological significance. The combination of pristine beaches, rocky reefs, and underwater caves creates diverse habitats that sustain an extraordinary variety of marine life from microscopic organisms to visiting cetaceans. Historical Context The Chrysochous Bay region has witnessed human interaction with the sea for thousands of years. The town was built on the foundations of ancient Marion, one of the ten ancient city kingdoms of Cyprus. Ancient Marion flourished from the 5th century BC through Roman times, with fishing providing essential protein and trade goods for the population. Traditional fishing methods remained relatively sustainable through the Byzantine, Lusignan, and Ottoman periods. The 20th century brought dramatic changes. Modern fishing equipment…

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A Tapestry of Faith

A Tapestry of Faith

Most visitors to Cyprus know about its Greek Orthodox churches and ancient Christian monasteries, but the island's religious story is far richer and more complex. For millennia, Cyprus has been home to Jewish communities, Muslim mosques, Armenian and Maronite Christians, Sufi mystics, and Latin Catholic cathedrals - each faith leaving monuments that testify to survival, migration, and remarkable coexistence. Walking through Cyprus's cities means encountering this layered religious landscape where synagogues stand near mosques, Gothic cathedrals became prayer halls, and sacred springs were shared by people of different beliefs. Where Many Faiths Met and Mingled Cyprus has never belonged to a single religious tradition. Its position at the meeting point of Europe, Asia, and Africa made it a crossroads not only for trade and armies but also for belief systems. Long before Orthodox Christianity became dominant in the medieval period, Cyprus hosted Jewish traders and craftsmen, pagan mystery cults, and early Christian congregations mentioned in the New Testament. Later waves brought Islamic institutions during Ottoman rule, Armenian refugees fleeing persecution, Maronite Christians migrating from Lebanon and Syria, and Western European Crusaders establishing Latin Catholic strongholds. Rather than existing as isolated enclaves, these religious minorities participated actively in Cyprus's economy, diplomacy, and urban life. Their monuments - synagogues, mosques, churches of different denominations, and Sufi lodges - aren't marginal curiosities but…

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