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Toumba tou Skourou

Toumba tou Skourou

Near the town of Morphou in northwestern Cyprus, an artificial hill once rose from the fertile plain where the Ovgos River flows toward the sea. For over 600 years during the Bronze Age, this spot was home to potters who made beautiful ceramics, copper workers who processed metal from nearby mines, and families who buried their dead in tombs cut into the rock. Bulldozers destroyed much of the site before archaeologists could study it, but what they found in three short years changed how we understand Bronze Age Cyprus. Historical Background Toumba tou Skourou was a Late Bronze Age settlement and cemetery located 4 kilometers from central Morphou on Cyprus's northwestern coast. The name means "Mound of Darkness" in Greek, though scholars debate where this unusual name came from. The site consisted of an artificial mound about 10 meters high, 12 meters wide, and 20 meters long, created from the accumulated debris of centuries of human activity. The settlement flourished from the Middle Bronze Age through the Iron Age, roughly 1650 BC to 750 BC. During its peak, Toumba tou Skourou functioned as an industrial center where craftspeople made pottery and processed copper from mines in the nearby Troodos Mountains. The site also contained residential areas, storage buildings with large pithoi (clay jars), and at least six chamber tombs with…

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Understanding the Cyprus National Emblem

Understanding the Cyprus National Emblem

The coat of arms of the Republic of Cyprus depicts a dove carrying an olive branch, symbolizing peace, over 1960, the year of Cypriot independence from British rule. The background is a copper-yellow color, representing the large deposits of copper ore on Cyprus, chiefly in the form of chalcopyrite which is yellow in color. The two-part olive wreath surrounding the shield represents the two ethnic groups of Cyprus, Greeks and Turks. Adopted in 1960 following the Zurich and London Agreements that ended colonial administration, the emblem embodies aspirations for reconciliation between the Greek and Turkish Cypriot populations. The Designer Behind the Symbol Designed by Turkish Cypriot artist İsmet Güney, the emblem parallels the neutral motifs of the national flag to promote unity. The intentional incorporation of neutral motifs, a dove with an olive branch over the date of independence, symbolized peace without favoring Greek Orthodox crosses or Turkish crescents, aligning with the Zurich and London Agreements' stipulation for neutral state symbols chosen jointly by the Greek Cypriot president and Turkish Cypriot vice president. Copper-infused elements, such as the yellowish shield tint evoking chalcopyrite ore, recur as a material nod to Cyprus's ancient metallurgical prominence, linking modern republican heraldry to the island's etymological roots in Latin aes Cyprium meaning "metal of Cyprus," derived from prehistoric bronze-age exports that named the resource…

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Ethnographic Costume Museum (Lefkara)

Ethnographic Costume Museum (Lefkara)

The Museum of Traditional Embroidery and Silversmith-work in Lefkara preserves Cyprus's most celebrated handicrafts within the walls of a 19th-century mansion. Located in the village of Pano Lefkara, approximately 45 kilometres from both Larnaca and Limassol, this museum documents the artisan traditions that sustained the community and brought international recognition to a small mountain settlement. Historical Background The museum occupies the House of Patsalos, named after the wealthy family that once owned this substantial white limestone residence. The house itself represents the prosperity that embroidery and silversmithing brought to Lefkara during its economic peak. The Patsalos family began accumulating wealth in the mid-19th century under Michalis Patsalos, who established the family's various business interests. Beyond producing Lefkara lace and metalwork, the family engaged in pottery production and ran both public and private educational institutions, including a music school. In 1983, the Department of Antiquities acquired the property through a donation from businessman Stelios Ioannou. Following extensive restoration work, the museum officially opened to the public in August 1988. The building comprises several rooms constructed during different periods spanning the 19th to early 20th centuries, creating a physical timeline of architectural evolution in prosperous Lefkara households. Inside the Museum Rooms The ground floor recreates traditional village life through a rural-style dining room and storeroom. Large earthenware jars stand alongside agricultural implements…

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